Comparación de los métodos de cálculos estándar para la prevención y protección contra el fuego en el acero y la madera como miembros estructurales en edificaciones, según el código de la Society of Fire Protection Engineers (SFPE) aplicable a la Norma Sismo Resistente NSR-10 título J.

Abstract

Fire protection and prevention in buildings refers to all the necessary security measures for the construction, operation and maintenance of buildings. Thus, for example, structural members such as beams and columns are required to be fire resistant. Temperature increased in a building, produces that the constructive materials present transformations and/or changes in their mechanical properties. The heat fractures and breaks the work by expanding its components, modifying the different resistances of the structural materials, elastic moduli, critical loads and bearing capacity, which can trigger a collapse of the building. The fire stability of an element cannot have more time, under the effect of the braking temperature, its mechanical resistance is modified to a certain level (deformation). At that moment, we reach the critical temperature and a minimum reaction time (in minutes), so adequate protection of the wooden and steel structural elements of a building entails the prevention of possible collapse of the structure by the action of fire and protection of human lives. The 2010 Colombian Earthquake Resistant Regulation, Title J - Fire protection requirements in buildings, focus on the protection, resistance, detection and extinction against fires in buildings, but does not specify adequate protection in structural systems made of steel and wood, so a comparison has cavity on the standard calculation methods for fire prevention and protection in these two materials as structural members in buildings, between the code of the Society of Fire Protection Engineers (SFPE) and the Colombian Construction Regulations for Earthquake Resistant 2010 NSR-10, Title J.