Modelamiento y caracterización de estructuras de concreto para la mitigación de problemas de interferencia electromagnética

Abstract

The purpose of the degree work is to show the effectiveness of electromagnetic shielding provided by concrete structures (walls), with and without reinforcement with steel meshes, in a defined frequency range. Screening analysis will be carried out through simulations carried out in COMSOL Multiphisics1. The concrete mix, thickness and longitudinal and transverse distances between bar and steel bar (reinforcement) were varied in the walls. In the first instance, the electrical properties of the concrete structures were characterized by the mathematical models of Debye and Jonscher, given the need to evaluate the complex electrical properties (obtained in experimental form through a bibliographical research) in a certain frequency range . The characterization was performed by means of an own application implemented in Matlab, whose main function is to apply certain mathematical models to dielectric means. Then, the electric properties already characterized are implemented in the virtual walls. Secondly, it was assessed whether concrete structures offered electromagnetic shielding appropriate to medical equipment for medical use, according to the limits of electromagnetic immunity proposed in the IEC 60601 1-2 standard. The shielding was obtained in the presence of selected electromagnetic environments according to studies carried out on electromagnetic compatibility of electronic equipment in hospital premises, the environments are normalized from the established by the standard IEC 61000 2-5. Finally, an evaluation of the components (mixture) and shape (morphology) of concrete structures with and without reinforcement (steel meshes) was carried out, which offer better electromagnetic shielding. The obtained results are compared with those obtained in scientific articles present in the bibliography.