Estado del arte de la transformación digital en el sector turístico colombiano

Abstract

Digital transformation is a process of appropriation of digital technologies marked by a change in the culture of organizations that is increasingly involved in the daily lives of people, making it a necessity to maintain competitiveness, to which the tourism sector cannot be indifferent because of its importance in the world economy. To identify the knowledge achieved on the digital transformation of the Colombian tourism sector, a three-phase methodology was established: 1. structure of the search, 2. development of the research, and 3. results of the research. Initially, the search criteria, the reference digital transformation model, and the information systematization matrix were determined. A total of 205 documents from the last 20 years were reviewed, on which 4 dimensions and 10 domains were analyzed. As a result, the current incipient state of technological application in the Colombian tourism sector in its different activities was identified, due to gaps in knowledge, infrastructure, and connectivity. It is also attributed, in some cases, to the erroneous perception of the costs, complexity, and profitability of these technologies; however, this issue has gained importance within academia in recent years, from where it is necessary to contribute to the sector with the generation of knowledge. In this sense, 5 new lines of research progress were identified that would support the deepening and/or complementing of this state-of-the-art.