Airebogotá: geovisor para el monitoreo histórico y espacial de PM2.5, PM10 y ozono (O3) orientado a evaluar la calidad del aire en Bogotá

Abstract

Air quality in Bogotá is a major environmental concern, especially due to the long-term exposure of the population to pollutants such as PM2.5, PM10, and Ozone (O3). However, public access to detailed spatial data and tools for analyzing changes over time is still limited on current official platforms. In response to this issue, this research aimed to develop a web-based geographic viewer to monitor the historical and spatial behavior of these pollutants. The project combined geographic information systems (GIS), geostatistical analysis tools, and open standards to ensure broad compatibility. The work involved collecting, transforming, and cleaning data from official monitoring stations, organizing them in a geographic database, and applying spatial analysis through ordinary and universal kriging methods. The system’s architecture followed the 4+1 view model and was built using tools such as GeoServer, PostgreSQL/PostGIS, and interoperable services like WMS. As a result, an interactive tool was developed that allows users to explore time series of pollutant variables, view interpolation maps for all of Bogotá and for each Zonal Planning Unit (UPZ), and download station data. The system helps identify critical periods and areas that lack direct monitoring and supports decision-making in urban environmental management. It is concluded that using open-source technologies, geostatistical methods, and geospatial visualization can significantly improve access to, analysis of, and communication about urban air quality.