Revisión de reportes epidemiológicos del dengue en Colombia del 2010 al 2019

Abstract

Dengue is a disease produced by a virus in the family flaviviridae, transmitted by vectors, specifically female mosquitoes of the species Aedes aegypti, has a classic and a severe variant. It is present all over the world, but limited to tropical and subtropical zones, which makes Colombia have endemic areas for infection causing great impact in the country and representing a problem of importance in public health throughout history; combating this problem is a challenge for communities, so the approach to this issue is up to us as environmental healers. In the present work, a review of the weekly epidemiological reports of dengue in Colombia taken from the INS, supported by climatological information from IDEAM and population information from DANE in the decade from 2010 to 2019. Where variations in the increase or decrease in cases associated with climate change by department are identified, incidence and lethality rates are determined, synthesizing information in epidemiological maps, graphs and tables for analysis. The results demonstrate a cyclic behavior of the virus, where the number of cases increases approximately every 3 years. The departments most affected by the Dengue during the decade are: Norte de Santander, Santander, Tolima, Meta, Huila y Valle del Cauca, as they meet the appropriate environmental conditions for the development of the vector; However, the factors that influence the spread of the virus are different, such as precipitation and temperature characteristics, control strategies, among others, because of this the virus can’t be attributed to a single specific factor.