Diagnóstico ambiental del Humedal Córdoba en Suba, Bogotá

Abstract

Currently, the contamination of water bodies has taken on great importance, since this resource is the primordial source for the development of life, it is one of the rights fundamental, potentiated economic development. But due to problems social, lack of culture or abundance of the resource, causes it to be used as a landfill very common for domestic, industrial, chemical, radioactive and other waste. This brings with it effects on the ecosystem and the population that interacts with the water body affected, since a loss of biodiversity is generated, the soil is affected in the area of influence, decrease in quality of life, increase in diseases and vectors (Unesco,1997). In the case of Cundinamarca, contamination of water sources is mainly due to dumping of wastewater of domestic origin from the different municipalities of this department, industries, tanneries, crops, mining areas, inadequate disposal disposal of solid waste in areas close to water sources, in addition to the processes of mass removal. However, in the city of Bogotá the same behavior is denoted that occurs in the department of Cundinamarca, given that in this city there is poor disposal of waste, use of water sources as sewage in many areas of it, industries that discharge into the sources, phenomena of mass removal, in addition to invasions use of dumps in these areas, the situation of water pollution in this area is very evident and critical (CAR, 2022). In recent years, wetlands have been in danger of disappearing around the world, it is estimated that since 1900 64% of these have disappeared from the planet. As a consequence the access to fresh water is being affected for two billion people in the world and populations of freshwater species have declined. This happens because often Wetlands are considered vacant land, so they are given a different use than the conservation, it becomes an area of agriculture and grazing, a dam and canalized its waters, infrastructures and houses are built and even worse is the affectation of the soil by poor quality of air, water and excess nutrients. All this has made it begin to generate interest, since wetlands, being very useful as natural treatment of wastewater, are necessary for the conservation of life and its cycle natural (Ramsar, Wetlands Convention., 2015) So the conservation of these places is interrelated with that of the bodies of water, sinceThis resource is the primary source for the development of life, it is a fundamental right and empowered economic development. However, due to social problems, lack of culture or abundance of the resource, this valuable input is used incorrectly and both wetlands such as their water mirrors have become a regular dump for domestic, industrial, chemical, radioactive waste, among others. The effects on your most are given to the ecosystem and the population that interacts with these places, a loss of biodiversity, an affectation of the soil in the area of ​​influence, there is a decrease in the quality of life, diseases and vectors are increased and the most importantly, the balance in nature is lost (Unesco, 1997). In Colombia there is the Córdoba wetland located in the town of Suba in Bogotá, is close to the Niza neighborhood Sur, Nice-Córdoba, Nice VIII and lakes of Córdoba where there is mostly a set of difficulties such as the contamination of its water body that is affected by being used as a sewage system, contributions from afferent channels to the wetland are presented, in addition to direct discharges from sanitary and combined sewage collectors; it is used as a dump mainly for debris from constructions near the wetland, which makes it an area full of insecurity, it is also housing for inhabitants of the street and has infiltration of chemicals from activities such as livestock, poor disposal of feces of domestic animals such as dogs, in addition the wetland is fragmented. Then the objective is to know the current condition in which the wetland, the possible risks that arise from contamination in the water source, through literary review (secondary information) and primary basic information, in order to to carry out a characterization and zoning of the water body present in the Wetland Cordoba (Ambient S., 2007)