Sustentabilidad agrícola del cultivo orgánico intensivo de papa (Solanum tuberosum var. pastusa) en suelos paramunos en descanso de cultivo convencional

Abstract

Potato production in the Colombian´s Páramo is deteriorating the ecosystem, altering its structure and functionality. In the National Natural Park of Sumapaz (SNNP) this affectation is manifested mainly by the reduction of the capacity of retention of water that mimiza the supply of drinking water of Bogota. Therefore, it was estimated the Agricultural Sustainability of Potatoes in Conventional Agriculture (CA) and Organic Agriculture (OA) in soils belonging to the buffer zone of the SNNP, using indexes and indicators to measure soil quality, profitability of Crops and farmers´ quality life. For this purpose, a completely randomized block design was used, the blocks being the soils with agricultural disuse (AC) of two and seven years and three replications per treatment (CA and OA). The results indicate that the agricultural rest time does not affect the physical, chemical and microbiological characteristics of the cultivated soils, while the agriculture type (CA - OA) exerts effects on the same characteristics (α 0,05). The OA remained at 75%, while the CA obtained 53%, suggesting that the two agricultural practices are not sustainable, however the AO is closer to sustainability due to improved cultivation conditions and farmers' quality life, whenever the pressure on the ecosystem due to the extension of the agricultural frontier is minimized.