Agente integrador de recursos energéticos distribuidos en el nivel de distribución del sistema eléctrico colombiano
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The integration of distributed energy resources (DER) in distribution networks presents a dispersion with a low appropriation of them in the management of energy resources by the OR (Niknam, T., Ranjbar AM, Shirani AR 2005) (Bouffard and Kirschen 2008) (Levin and Thomas 2016). Likewise, an incipient development of the mechanisms of integration of DER is observed, which are basically focused on self-generation solutions and generally linked to isolated projects, characterized by low sustainability and by occasionally offering some auxiliary services to electricity networks (Ilic, Black & Prica 2007, Yano et al., 2012; Faria et al., 2014; Dietrich et al., 2015; Yang, Zhang & Xiao 2015). The present doctoral thesis has focused on proposing an integrating agent of DER in the level of distribution of the electrical system, allowing an economic and technological integration of them, through their participation as suppliers of surplus energy and services for the network. Methodologically, the design of the structure and functionality of the DER integrative agent was proposed through modeling tools such as the UML (Universal Modeling Language). The mathematical modeling for the costs of the energy products that the integrating agent can offer to the network: power disconnection services and sale of surplus energy has been made from the configuration of optimization problems of the integer-mixed type, having take into account the normative aspects in force at national and international level. Regarding the stochastic behavior of some DER resources, Weibull probability distribution functions and the Adisson-Dassler criteria have been used. Finally, aspects linked to the automatic control of processes over DER were simulated with automation software: Fluid Simm 3.6, Matlab 2016 and Gxdeveloper 3.2. Verification was carried out with the help of DIGSILENT 15.1, DSS-SIMM 2012 and Power Word 2007. As products or results of the doctoral thesis is the design of the integrating agent, of an access platform in the cloud computing space and mathematical formulations and optimization problems have been proposed for the sale of surplus energy from GD and for the sale of power disconnection services with RD that are offered to the OR. In the same way, different forms of user participation have been designed with their DER in the supply of energy products to the network.The integration of the DER through the proposed integrating agent has shown the viability of their active participation in concrete tasks of flattening the demand curve, the response to peak demand and the improvement of the voltage profiles in the network. As a general conclusion, the doctoral thesis has designed an integrating agent of DER that will be incorporated into the electricity network as an actor within the management carried out at the level of distribution and commercialization jointly with the operator of the network and providing services to this. Said integrating the agent will initially be assigned to the marketer but may be managed in the form of an independent entity if it becomes necessary in the near future.