Determinación del conjunto de tolerancias dimensionales y geométricas de un ensamble utilizando técnicas digitales de ingeniería inversa

Abstract

There are great limitations when it comes to recovering a part when the original dimensions and drawings of a part or assembly are not available. It should be noted that, when it is required to obtain good quality assemblies, parts and mechanisms, tolerances are very important in the manufacturing industry. With the increasing use of 3D technology and the endless applications it can have, it is necessary to know these dimensional variations, which are important in research and industry. Therefore, it is necessary to know the set of geometric and dimensional tolerances of mechanical parts. In this research study, the set of geometric and dimensional tolerances of a mechanical assembly manufactured by additive manufacturing, using reverse engineering techniques, was determined. It consists of 4 parts, a fixing wedge, a lower support, a tooling body, and an upper support. A Tronxy xsa 500 pro filament 3D printing machine, a figure 4 standalone sintering 3D printer, an Evixscan optical scanner and advanced engineering software, such as Evixscan, Geomagic design x, SolidWorks and Geomagic control x, available at the Universidad Distrital Francisco José de Caldas, were used to estimate the tolerance variation in the selected assembly. Each part of the assembly was reverse engineered and fabricated under Taguchi's experimental design parameters in the 3D printers. Additionally, the original assembly selected, and the components manufactured by 3D printing were compared. Likewise, the data obtained were analyzed and compared, allowing us to determine the set of geometric and dimensional tolerances of the assembly.