Simulación de sistema semiautomático de tareas de riego en cultivos

Abstract

The conventional system that is being implemented in the work of the agricultural field and the natural resources that are needed, which are finite and must be conserved, has led to the search for more efficient ways to develop this agricultural work, since in the conventional way there are several problems due to the lack of water resources. The misuse of these resources and the increase of the farmer's work is a problem that has been present for a long time and that has not been taken into account, these limitations are the reasons why there is a need to semi-automate processes, using current technology and semi-automating the tasks of the field work, Therefore, it is proposed to simulate and generate a model with the ability to semiautomate several of the main tasks of farmers and maintain crops in a semi-autonomous way with the help of the environment (water and humidity) and existing technology (microcontrollers and analog electronics). The semi-automated system of agricultural resources will be modeled and simulated based on the needs of farmers, such as irrigation system schedules, water conservation control for irrigation, taking as a reference the level of drought found in the soil and the amount of water available. The semi-automation will be achieved from the management of two tanks and solenoid valves, both tanks will supply water for the irrigation system, the tanks will only open the gates for water filling when there is liquid distribution (rain simulation) and will close when there is no liquid (rain simulation), both tanks will have float sensors for greater accuracy and to avoid an overflow in the tank. The system of tanks and irrigation will be activated when the drought exceeds certain limits of time and humidity, the water will pass through a system of solenoid valves and irrigation respectively, all irrigation data can be reviewed wirelessly via a Bluetooth application; in order to optimize the time in the review of crops and keep controlled irrigation of their crops without having to be present in the same place. The system will operate with its own power source, in order to be permanently powered and its use will be only for itself, allowing it to work optimally and there will be no delay in the estimated times for semi-automated irrigation.