Análisis multitemporal del cambio en las coberturas de la tierra por cultivos para agro combustibles y sus posibles efectos en la biodiversidad en un transecto del norte de la región natural andina y del Caribe colombiano

Abstract

Estimation of the possible effects on biodiversity caused by the establishment and expansion of crops for the production of biofuels in a transect of the Caribbean and Andean regions in Colombia, from a multi-temporal analysis of coverage and analysis of landscape classes. The multi-temporal analysis was performed using Landsat 7 and 8 satellite images (for the years 2001 and 2014 respectively). Of the crops for biofuel production in the region, the estimation of oil palm cultivation was carried out, only the detectable on satellite images, digitized later in ArcGIS 10.1, for periods of study. Once established areas of oil palm plantations, proceeded to estimate the direct replacement for the same coverage of forests and semi areas, which was 49,468.89 Ha for a study area of 3103791, 9 ha. The landscape analysis was conducted classes from metric indices area, shape, edge and core coverage area for oil palm and forest and semi areas, estimating the partial state and evolution of the same for each one of the study periods. As result, it was determined that crop oil palm affected directly and negatively the biodiversity of the study area, mainly in wealth and abundance. It's also important to clarify that such involvement can’t be due exclusively to this agro industrial activity.