Influencia de tres coberturas vegetales en la autoecología de la avifauna presente en la Finca 'El Morichal' del municipio El Retorno, Guaviare

Abstract

The birds are one of the vertebrate groups with greater facility to adapt to the conditions of the environment and their constant changes, which is evidenced in a wide phenotypic plasticity and, consequently, a great diversity of species. This research had as object of study the birds present in the 'El Morichal' farm at the El Retorno, Guaviare, in relation to the influence of three vegetation coverings: grasslands, rubber cultivation and gallery forest, in the autoecology of the species of this group, with the objective of establishing the way in which individuals use these coverages to supply basic needs. Samplings were carried out divided into two field phases for data collection, such as the presence of the species in the different coverages, stratum of coverage in which they are found and their activity, making sightings by the method of points of counting. For the analysis phase, rarefaction curves were made to compare the diversity of birds in the three coverages, as well as diversity profiles through the implementation of Hill’s numbers; finally, a multivariate analysis of main components (PCA) was carried out to establish the relationship between the bird community and the way in which they use plant cover as a resource. As a result, 1,098 individuals represented in 114 species, belonging to the families. Tyrannidae and Thraupidae, were registered; it was determined that the diversity and autoecology of the bird species present in the study area depend on the structure of the vegetation in terms of the resources it can offer, taking into account the differences between the three vegetation coverings studied, concluding that there is a strong relationship between the presence of birds and the activities they perform with these coverages.