Aproximación de insectos asociados a los géneros de miconia spp. y baccharis spp. en el conector ecosistémico de la Media Luna del Sur en Bogotá D.C

Abstract

Due to the growth of cities, there is a change in the structure and composition of insects, given by a heterogeneous landscape between concrete and green areas lacking ecological corridors (Olaya et al., 2022). In addition, the scarce information published on the entomofauna in the ecosystemic connector La Media Luna del Sur, proposed as a strategy to maintain the biodiversity of the capital, motivated the realization of this study. The families of insects associated with the genera Miconia spp. and Baccharis spp. ecologically important for restoration processes, present in four sampling zones of the ecosystem connector “La Media Luna del Sur” in Bogotá D.C., were identified through an initial approach. Sampling was carried out between June and August 2023, selecting a total of 80 sampling units in the four areas. The insects were collected using an entomological net and the number of mines and gills were classified and counted. In the laboratory, the insects were separated, counted and identified to family, and then trophic roles were determined using primary and secondary sources. Abundance and diversity were analyzed using Shannon, Margalef and Simpson indices (1/D) and processed in Microsoft Excel and RStudio software. A total of 1267 individuals were collected, distributed in 3 taxonomic classes: 235 Collembola, 34 Arachnida and 998 adult Insecta, which resulted in 11 orders, 78 families and 178 morphotypes. The most representative orders were: Hemiptera (47.8%), Diptera (22.44%) and Hymenoptera (15.33%). The families with the highest occurrence were Triozidae, Cicadellidae, Chironomidae and Eulophidae. It was found that the greatest occurrence in the collections consisted of phytophagous and entomophagous insects. Likewise, a high diversity and low dominance of insects was found in the four areas sampled. For the observations of occurrence of mines and galls, there was great variation by semi shrub genus of Asteracea and Melastomatacea per zone, the insect agent involved in the development of mines were the families cf. Agromyzidae, Chrysomelidae and some of the order Lepidoptera and for galls the families cf. Cecidomyiidae, Terphritidae and Triozidae.