Conflictos socioambientales en las veredas los Andes y La Unión, Sumapaz, 2016-2022

Abstract

This thesis focuses on analyzing the socio-environmental conflicts present in the Sumapaz region, specifically in the villages of La Unión and Los Andes, in the context of the post-conflict with the FARC. The main objective is to understand the emerging challenges and dynamics in this region after the peace process with the armed group. The study is based on a mixed methodology that combines the collection and analysis of qualitative and quantitative data. In-depth interviews were conducted with members of the local community, community leaders, government officials, and representatives of non-governmental organizations. In addition, secondary data from institutional reports, official documents, and historical records were collected. The results reveal the existence of various socio-environmental conflicts in the villages of La Unión and Los Andes. These conflicts are related to land tenure, the exploitation of natural resources, environmental protection, access to basic services, and community participation in decision-making. Although the peace process with the FARC has generated new opportunities and expectations, it has also created tensions and challenges in the region. 9 Several underlying causes of the conflicts were identified, such as the lack of clarity in land ownership rights, pressure from external actors interested in the exploitation of natural resources, and the absence of effective mechanisms for citizen participation. These factors are intertwined with the legacy of the armed conflict, the mistrust between the community and state institutions, as well as the limitations in the implementation of public policies at the local level. The study concludes with recommendations to address these conflicts and promote their peaceful resolution. The importance of strengthening citizen participation mechanisms, promoting inclusive environmental and territorial governance, as well as improving communication and dialogue between the parties involved is highlighted. In addition, the need to adopt sustainable approaches that integrate environmental conservation with the socioeconomic development of the region is highlighted. Taken together, this thesis contributes to the understanding of socio-environmental conflicts in the Sumapaz region, providing practical recommendations to move towards a more effective and sustainable management of natural resources and greater community participation in decision-making, in the post-conflict context. with the FARC