Evaluación de los Estudios de Toxicidad de Nanopartículas de Plata

Abstract

Importance: Some historical references indicate that prolonged exposure to silver caused some effects in people as irreversible gray-blue pigmentation in the skin or eyes. In this way, and in view of the numerous applications for silver nanoparticles in products that use the newspaper for the population, the control organisms together with the scientific community questioned the toxicity of this nanomaterial, since it is so small It can enter the body and cross biological barriers such as the cell membrane, interacting with target organs and biological systems. It is for this reason that they have become some research in the toxicological field that shows that women are very toxic to humans, animals and the environment. Objective: To analyze the evolution, the main characteristics and the results of the different studies that show the toxicity of the silver nanoparticles. Methodology: Descriptive review in which the characteristics, the results and the progress of the studies that were carried out between 2000-2017 are related, taking into account diverse acknowledged information sources, exclusion and inclusion criteria and different relevant variables in this type of studies. Results and discussion: Several advances have been made in the production and application of nanoparticles, silver compared to toxicological studies and at the end of the disposition, several conditions have been found in organs such as liver, lung, kidneys, brain; as well as cytotoxic and genotoxic effects Conclusions: In chronological order it was evidenced that the first publications were directed to the development and improvement of silver nanoparticle production methodologies, after this the publication rate in this field decreased and there was an increase of publications in the toxicological approach of the nanoparticles that have increased over time. Regarding the publications made regarding the use, consumption and final disposal of the nanomaterial, there was a notable growth since 2008 and 2010 respectively.