Construcción de recursos didácticos para la enseñanza de las ciencias y adaptaciones curriculares en la educación básica de la institución asignada en el programa enseñanza de las ciencias y adaptaciones curriculares en la educación básica Viva la Escuela

Abstract

The report describes the experiences, challenges, and achievements of an internship carried out in the "Viva la Escuela" program of the Ministry of National Education, aimed at improving educational quality in rural areas by addressing deficiencies identified both before and after the pandemic. The three-month internship took place at the Ramón Alvarado Sánchez Educational Institution - Potrerillos campus in Garzón, Huila, within a rural context with specific educational needs. During this time, pedagogical strategies were implemented to teach physics and other subjects, adapted to the characteristics of the environment and the students. The "Escuela Nueva" methodology was key to this adaptation. The report is structured into several sections. The legal and pedagogical framework presents the educational laws in Colombia and their relationship with the program. The "Escuela Nueva" is explored, highlighting its emergence, application in Colombia, active methods in education, and goals for students, teachers, and parents. Defining rurality is crucial to understanding the context of the internship. Educational standards and the competencies that each student must acquire are addressed. The first chapter concludes with the "Viva la Escuela" program of the MEN and its Successful Educational Actions (AEE). Chapter two describes the regional context of the Huila department, specifically the municipality of Garzón. The Ramón Alvarado Sánchez Educational Institution, assigned by the MEN at the Potrerillos campus, is the internship site and the characterization of the students. Chapter three addresses the planning and development of the activities requested by the program. Chapter four details the results and analysis of the implementation of these activities. The internship highlighted the importance of quality education in all contexts, valuing the particularities of each one and seeking to reduce learning gaps. The development of the internship aimed to bring students closer to science through engaging experiments adapted to their characteristics, facilitating the understanding of scientific concepts, and fostering creativity, scientific thinking, and language skills. Practical experiments allowed students to interact with the material in a tangible way, which is crucial for internalizing scientific knowledge and developing essential competencies for their comprehensive education and development as critical and reflective individuals. Educational Capsules were implemented to facilitate the adaptation to the rural context following the transition from an urban environment. These tools allowed for the adjustment of educational criteria for young students, developing effective activities and promoting the understanding of local cultural particularities. The strategy resulted in more inclusive teaching, adapted to the specific needs of the municipality, benefiting both the students and the volunteer teacher.