Diagnóstico de contaminación visual para el municipio de Facatativá en las zonas de grandes áreas verdes y tejido residencial tradicional

Abstract

The municipality of Facatativá is located to the northwest of Bogotá, at a distance of 36 kilometers. For its Development Plan 2020-2023 Facatativá Correcta, it was required to prepare a diagnosis of visual contamination of the entire urban sector of the municipality, for which they requested technologists in environmental sanitation, willing to make the respective diagnosis. Due to the fact that the municipality has such a large area, the entire urban area was divided into three zones, based on the plan of functional areas, established in decree 125 of 2018. In this paper, the functional zones of Grandes Áreas Verdes and Tejido Residencial Traditional were worked on. Visual pollution is an affectation of changes or imbalances that distort the landscape, in this case being the urban zone, in which there is not only the advertising factor, as it is usually considered. This contamination can be from natural sources such as trees, or anthropogenic sources such as billboards, garbage, wiring, among others. (Moreno, 2017). This problem mainly causes stress or anxiety problems, generates distraction in drivers, which can lead to traffic accidents and cause chaotic environments, meaning that it negatively affects people's quality of life (Ayala, 2017). Therefore, it is important to determine the current situation of the problem in the municipality, through a diagnosis, so that in the future it can be followed up and controlled, and thus reduce the negative impactthis problem has on the population. To carry out this diagnosis, a methodology was proposed that contained quantitative and qualitative data. The first ones were obtained through a tour that was made throughout the delimited area, in which the problem was observed first-hand, and the second ones were obtained through the application of a survey to inhabitants, merchants and tourists, carried out in order to know their perception towards the problem. From this survey, evaluation and subsequent analysis of results, guidelines were created, made in order to deal with visual pollution in the urban area, prioritizing those points where visual pollution affected the population to a greater extent.