Análisis de los riesgos ergonómicos para las actividades relacionadas con el proceso de cultivo y cosecha de aguacate hass en el contexto específico de un proceso de agricultura empírica del Municipio de Fusagasugá, Cundinamarca

Abstract

¿What are the ergonomic risks to which the workers involved in the HASS avocado cultivation process are exposed? The main objective of the document is to carry out the identification, evaluation and assessment of ergonomic risks for activities related to the HASS avocado cultivation and harvesting process in the specific context of an empirical agriculture process in the municipality of Fusagasugá, Cundinamarca. Through the collection of information in the field, the identification of hazards and the assessment of risks, a series of results are given with their respective conclusions, through which it is expected to be able to contribute to improving the working conditions of the people who work in el paraíso farm, and thus serve as an example for other farms in the region and even in the department or country. To determine the ergonomic risk to which workers of this crop are or may be exposed, the OWAS methodology was applied, which allows us to classify the postures adopted and qualify the level of risk of exposure of workers during their workday. from the observation and taking of photographic evidence, for which we were able to show that the stages of the process with a significant or very significant level of ergonomic risk are the preparation of the land, since the posture maintained by the worker when extracting and applying the fertilizer can cause harmful effects on the musculoskeletal system, the transplantation of the avocado seedling on the site due to the lifting of loads, the performance of cultural work since the worker must be crouched with his back to clean the base of the trees bent and that would generate damage to the musculoskeletal system and within the harvesting activity , the location of the HASS avocado in the baskets for its transport to the temporary collection point. the foregoing, due to the inadequate postures maintained by the workers and the overexertion that can be exerted on the extremities when maintaining prolonged postures or lifting loads.