Modelo de evaluación de servicios ecosistémicos culturales relacionado al ecoturismo en zonas de páramo del municipio de Puerres (departamento de Nariño)

Abstract

This research proposes an evaluation model for Cultural Ecosystem Services (CES) associated with ecotourism in páramo areas of the municipality of Puerres (Nariño), specifically in the rural communities of El Rosal and La Esperanza. CES are understood as the intangible benefits that people derive from ecosystems—such as cultural identity, recreation, spirituality, and sense of belonging—which are essential for a comprehensive valuation of these high-mountain territories, where biodiversity, natural heritage, and collective memory converge. However, these ecosystems face increasing pressure from extractive practices, agricultural expansion, and the lack of territorial planning. In response to this context, the study adopts a qualitative and participatory methodological approach that combines literature review, semi-structured interviews, and community perception analysis. The proposed model aims to identify the potential of CES in the management of sustainable tourism by integrating local and institutional knowledge to strengthen conservation efforts, environmental education, and territorial planning. This thesis offers both a conceptual and practical tool to support decision-making in rural highland settings, promoting sustainable development from a biocultural perspective, and emphasizing the critical relationship between communities, ecosystems, and cultural services in the governance of nature-based tourism.