Aprovechamiento de biomasa residual para alimentar el sistema de calefacción en un invernadero en Sesquilé Cundinamarca.

Abstract

In the floriculture industry there are important problems that affect production. This research project focuses on two of those big problems: -A large quantity of material is obtained disposed of as vegetable waste which, in this industry, is not used energetically, but disposed of as useless and transferred to a specific place where its containment is carried out. -Strong climatic changes: in certain periods of the year, the climate becomes somewhat violent in terms of temperature variations and differences, to which crops and greenhouses of plant material are exposed, which is a problem in terms of the germination of said plants. Due to this, in these periods, when the temperature drops too much at night and at dawn, it is necessary to use heaters fired with propane gas, to counteract the low temperature and for the plants to survive. The main objective of this project is to carry out a study of systems for the generation of biofuel with biodigestion and gasification from the plant material discarded from greenhouses, taking advantage of the biogas and / or synthesis gas obtained to power the heaters used for heating. of the greenhouse in the first problem. The secondary objectives of the project are: quantify the waste produced from residual biomass on a monthly basis, characterize the residual biomass waste chemically and physically, propose at least two biofuel generation systems from waste (biodigestion and gasification) and choose the most appropriate, carry out the detailed design of the chosen system, carry out cost and investment analysis of the project's economy and prepare an article with the results obtained to present it in a magazine. The study was carried out in a company in the field of floriculture called BALL COLOMBIA LTDA, located in the municipality of Sesquilé, Cundinamarca; which focuses on the production, sale and exports of seeds and flowers. The quantification data were taken, taking into account the average with which it is discarded plant material in the company, as well as the necessary data such as the length of the greenhouses, the volume and space. The study is expected to provide information and / or knowledge about the problem it is addressing, as well as positive and relevant results for the study of its manufacture and use in the flower industry.