Examinando por Materia "Productos vegetales"
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Ítem Estudio fitoquímico, antibacteriano, antifúngico y determinación de metabolitos secundarios mayoritarios por CG-EM del látex de la especie dioica Clusia multiflora Kunth (Clusiaceae).Lobaton, Deisy Katherine; Márquez Peña, Andrea; Guzmán Avendaño, Antonio JoséClusia multiflora is a dioecious species native to Colombia. Traditionally its exudate has been used in the process of wool dyeing, and medicinally as purgative, anti-inflammatory and healing (DAMA, 2000). In previous studies (Lokvam & Braddock, 1999, Lokvam et al., 2000), antibacterial activity has been found in the ethanolic extracts of the latex of both sexes of the species of the genus Clusia, however, no work of this type is reported for C. multiflora. In this study, the antibacterial and antifungal activity present in the ethanolic extract of the latex of the species C. multiflora, were investigated. The methodology was carried out in four phases, the first through preliminary phytochemical tests which showed the presence of the secondary metabolites tannins, flavonoids and quinones in the ethanolic extracts of both individuals. The second phase consisted in the application of the method proposed by Kirby–Bauer modified, of diffusion in agar by perforation in plate against the bacteria Gram (+) Bacillus subtilis and Gram (-) Escherichia coli. The third phase was carried out with the well diffusion technique in Sabouraud Glucose Agar medium, against the fungus Fusarium oxysporum, and finally, the main secondary metabolites were determined with the technique Gas Chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC-MS). It was determined that the ethanolic extracts of both sexes of C. multiflora have activity against the Gram (+) bacterium B. subtilis and, on the contrary, do not present activity against the Gram (-) bacterium E. coli. Both sexes of C. multiflora show activity against the fungus Fusarium oxysporum. And Quinones were found as the main secondary metabolite, specifically Clusianones (7-epi-clusianona y 18,19-dihidroxi clusianona), as found by CG-EM. The results coincide with those reported in the literature for the species belonging to the CLUSIACEAE family.Ítem Evaluación de la Actividad Antioxidante en los Extractos Obtenidos por CO2 Supercrítico de dos Especies Vegetales Plantago Major (Plantaginaceae) y Arnica Montana L (Asteraceae)Gómez Ruiz, Lorena Rocío; García Ortiz, Josué AnselmoIn recent years scientific studies have been interested in obtaining natural products as they contribute to preserving human health. In this phytochemical analysis the leaves and flowers of two plant species were studied: Plantago major and Arnica montana L where secondary metabolites of extracts obtained by supercritical fluids were obtained; Making use of carbon dioxide (CO2) under conditions of supercritical fluid, later the determination of the antioxidant activity was carried out by the methods of FRAP and DPPH. From the plant material collected in the Zipaquira area identified preliminarily in-situ and later by the National Herbarium of the Natural Sciences Institute of the National University of Colombia, leaves and flowers of each of the plant species where the Extracts using the CO2-SF extraction technique. The preliminary phytochemical gait was positive for secondary metabolites such as flavonoids, tannins, coumarins, monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes, responsible for the antioxidant activities of plant species. The research evaluated and compared each extract obtained by the two methods of extraction, determining which of the two plant species is the most favorable to continue a more rigorous study in scienceÍtem Evaluación del aceite esencial extraído del arrayán (Myrciantes Rophaloides) aplicado a soporte de papel de carácter patrimonial. Aspectos químicos y microbiológicosLaverde Fonseca, Ruben Dario; Devia Castillo, Beatriz OfeliaIn this work of degree, modality research internship, the possible effects of the application of the essential oil of Arrayán (Myrcianthes rophaloides) as biocidal control in the patrimonial paper were studied. From the extraction and monitoring of the oil obtained, the selection and use of methods for the optimal application of the oil on paper, characterization of the patrimonial paper used, control of the biocidal activity and adequacy of analysis to evaluate the degradation rates of the Paper that are manifested mainly in changes in the cellulose content and variation of the pH.