Examinando por Autor "Franco, Helvar Rodolfo"
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Ítem Análisis y cartografía de los conflictos ambientales y de uso del suelo en las zonas con Programas de Desarrollo con Enfoque Territorial PDETRocha Castañeda, Dinaluz; Mejía Hernández, Ana Milena; Franco, Helvar RodolfoThe cartographic analysis of the environmental and land use conflicts in the subregions prioritized by the armed conflict was carried out, in this document we talk about 8 of them in which Development Programs with Territorial Approach are developed whose objective is to recover the social fabric affected by the wave of violence that had been occurring since the 1960s, among them are Sierra Nevada Perijá, Montes de María, Southern Córdoba, Bajo Cauca Antioqueño, Urabá Antioqueño, Choco, Catatumbo and Arauca. Initially, a digital cartographic processing was carried out that allowed us to have the initial data to make an environmental diagnosis that would allow us to go back and reach the heart of the relationship between the biophysical and social conditions that give rise to the armed conflict in Colombia.Ítem Estimación del costo social del carbono emitido por cambio de cobertura a partir de sensores remotos en la reserva bosque oriental de BogotáCortés Pinzón, Gisset Alexandra; Franco, Helvar RodolfoThrough this research the estimation of the social cost of carbon due to loss of coverage in the Bosque Oriental de Bogotá Reserve, which has typical coverage of low montane rainforest, biome that has been highly intervened by man due to the expansion of cities, the rise of the limit of agriculture, mining, grazing and burning, which has caused these forests to be increasingly scarce in the Colombian Andes; This represents an important loss at the structural, functional and diversity levels, as these ecosystems are regulators of different natural processes. Given the nature of the inputs, the present study has a work scale of 1: 100,000; the methodology was divided into four phases: in Phase I it is proposed to calculate the various vegetation indexes by means of the most recent satellite image, with which the allometric equations correlated with the biomass found by means of field methodology will be constructed later (phase II) , following the recommendations of the methodology established in the national protocol for the estimation of biomass / carbon proposed by the Institute of Hydrology, Metereology and Environmental Studies - IDEAM in 2011. Phase II was developed in order to calculate the biomass, establishing 28 square plots to take data from individuals with more than 10 cm of DBH (plots of 0.0625 ha) and individuals with DBH between 2 and 10 cm (0.0100). he has). The purpose of Phase III is to generate the biomass equation based on the NDVI (selected vegetation index), this is done by constructing an allometric equation that relates the information by plot of the biomass with each of the indices and finally in the Phase IV through the processing of the images of the other periods, the amount of biomass and carbon is estimated to calculate the social cost of the carbon of each one and be able to compare it with the previous years; and, in this way, estimate the social cost of carbon throughout this period of time in the Bosque Oriental de Bogotá Reserve.Ítem Modelación del Efecto del Cambio de Uso del Suelo en la Cuenca del Rio Coello, Bajo Escenario de Cambio Climático, A Través De La Aplicación Del Modelo Hidrológico SWAT (Soil And Water Assessment Tool)Castañeda Morales, Yeraldine; Franco, Helvar RodolfoIt is important to consider the current dynamics such as climate change and land use change, in order to evaluate the possible effects on water resources. In this context, the present research aims to determine and evaluate the effect of land use change under ideal conditions under a scenario of climate change in the Coello River basin, which is located in the department of Tolima in Colombia, through of the application of the SWAT (Soil and Water Assessment Tools) hydrological model. The watershed occupies 7.8% of the department and is important because it is a source of supply of different municipalities including the departmental capital, in addition it is the largest irrigation district in the country, where electricity is also generated. For the hydrological modeling, data from the periods 1988-2007 and 2011-2030 were used, the climatic data were calculated from general circulation models (GCM) and regional circulation models (RCM), in this case was used PRECIS model applying the HadCM3 model with the A1B scenario proposed by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). The methodology for the recommended use map of Zúñiga 2010 was used for the land use change scenario, where the uses are determined according to the characteristics of the territory. The SWAT model was manually calibrated according to the observed monthly flow data for the period 1988 - 2007 in the Payandé station, obtaining goodness of fit of the model rated as very good (COE: 0.64, R2: 0.82). The SWAT model estimated the flows for the period 2011-2030 with and without land use change. For the scenario without land use change, a reduction of 3.45% of the average annual flow was obtained in comparison with the reference period (1988-2007), while for the scenario with land use change there was an increase of the average annual flow of 19.33%, compared to the reference period. It was also compared the estimation of the flow between the scenarios with and without land use change in the period 2011-2030, where the scenario with land use change presents an increase of 23.59% of the mean annual flow with respect to the scenario without land use change. The high degree of uncertainty in global circulation models should be taken into account in assessing potential future climate impacts to make decisions on actions to adapt to climate change in the area. However, this is a good starting point for planning and integrated management basin.