Examinando por Autor "Fonseca Amaya, Guillermo [0000-0001-8454-8804]"
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Ítem La enseñanza de la nutrición y la construcción de modelos científicos escolaresContreras Usaquén, Erika Yamile; Fonseca Amaya, Guillermo; Fonseca Amaya, Guillermo [0000-0001-8454-8804]The process of nutrition is seen from a merely anatomical point of view and very seldom considered all those variants that make this a socio-scientific problem, which should be approached from the teaching of science from a different point of view, so that it allows students not only to understand the physiological process, but also to position themselves, reflect, make decisions and assume a critical stance towards different problems of their own context. From this perspective, it was considered important to build a didactic proposal in nutrition based on models that allow us to understand the process of construction and evolution of mental models around a problem and how these allow the construction of school scientific models. This research is framed in action research, seeking to generate small changes in the students of the Bellavista IED school, for which two research loops were established: first, a characterization of the mental models, socioeconomic condition of the students and aspects of the PEI of the educational institution, second, the didactic proposal for fifth grade students is designed and implemented taking into account the modeling process, and the results of the characterization; finally, the analysis of the evidence collected in relation to the reflections of the students, arguments and different school scientific models achieved and the didactic unit is consolidated as a result of the final reflection of the loops. Regarding the results, firstly, the characterization of initial models, the institutional characterization and the characterization of socioeconomic conditions of the students are presented, which allowed identifying the needs and interests of the community and selecting the appropriate contents for the construction of the didactic unit. Secondly, a journey is made from the consolidation of the Arrival Curricular Model as a guiding tool for the proposal, the consolidation of the activities developed with the fifth grade students and the consolidation of the didactic unit, taking into account the dimensions of modeling. Finally, the four school scientific models achieved are presented, a structural anatomical model with marked ontological components that represent a digestion process without transformations; a functional anatomical model, in which some macro processes that take place within the body with food are identified, more structures with their function are recognized, however, there is no evidence of a depth in the explanations about the transformations of food and how the different systems involved in nutrition are related. a process main functions model, in which a high number of ontological components are represented, related to structures involved in the nutrition process and their function within the process, in addition, clearer explanations are evidenced about how the processes of digestion, absorption and elimination are carried out and the role of the respiratory, circulatory and excretory systems and; a cellular process model, in which micro-level explanations of the processes of digestion, respiration and circulation are evidenced, clear relationships between systems are evident, and some social, cultural and economic components that influence the nutrition process are recognized Translated with www.DeepL.com/Translator (free version)