Diseño y simulación de las diferentes etapas de control en una micro red eléctrica

Abstract

Renewable energies are currently emerging as an option for generating clean energy. As a result, a new generation scheme has taken a big boom in recent years: distributed generation. This scheme allows the inclusion of alternative sources in order to monopolize the power in distant places, or help to meet the high demand in cities with a large population. Based on the above, there are two modes of operation such as: the isolated mode and the mode interconnected to the electricity supply network, both modes suppose different control objectives, in the first the system functions as a voltage source which establishes the voltage and frequency reference, while in the second system it works as a current source which simply injects power into the network. In the present thesis the model and its test in simulation of a photovoltaic array connected to the network without a DC / DC converter, in order to deliver the maximum available power to the electrical grid, is done through the power network software PSIM . To do this, a dynamic model was established based on a small-signal representation of a three-phase inverter in a reference frame $dq$. This involved the design of a digital PLL in a synchronous reference frame in order to obtain the parameter $ (\ omega t) $ which is essential to establish a synchronism reference, once the synchronism was guaranteed the system was characterized with two loops control in order to regulate both the input voltage and the output current. In order to guarantee the stability criteria and a steady-state error equal to zero, it was decided to design a Proportional-Integral (PI) controller.