Implementación de indicadores energéticos al sistema de transporte público masivo de Bogotá – Transmilenio

Abstract

The project is aimed at implementing energy indicators applied to Bogotá's mass transportation system - Transmilenio in the trunk component. This was developed in 3 main components; the first one is the methodology developed for the calculation of indicators applied to passenger transportation, where variables such as distance traveled by buses, energy consumption and passengers transported were related. The second component is the application of the indicators proposed in the methodology, with real operating data provided by Transmilenio, and based on the results, an analysis and energy comparison of the different types of buses operating in the trunk component, made up of the following types of buses: Articulated, Bi-articulated, Articulated, Articulated and Bi-articulated; Articulated, Bi-articulated and standard buses, which use Diesel and Natural Gas Vehicle (NGV) fuels, through the indicator “Energy Efficiency per kilometer traveled” (REK) and the indicator “Energy Consumption per Passenger and per Kilometer” (CEPK), taking into account that Electric Buses do not operate in the trunk component. The average energy consumption per passenger for the years 2019 to 2023 was also calculated and the Passengers Transported per Kilometer Traveled (PTK) indicator was applied, all this, in order to compare energy efficiency in the system year by year. This was accompanied by an hourly energy analysis for each of the 9 trunk lines that make up the entire trunk component, applying the “Average Energy Consumption per Passenger” (CEP) indicator, developed in this research. In the third component and based on the results of the calculated indicators, where it was determined that the buses with Diesel technology presented a better performance in terms of energy since they needed less energy to travel one kilometer and that the buses with a higher load factor (capacity to transport passengers) presented a lower consumption per passenger and per kilometer traveled, Taking into account these criteria, the energy demand of the trunk component was projected with the help of LEAP® software, with 2019 as the base year and 2024 to 2040 as the first year of projection, taking into account assumptions such as; growth of users in the system, fuel efficiency and the participation of buses with better performance. In the other assumption, a renewal of the fleet to electric buses as of 2031 was proposed, where a reduction of about 72% in energy expenditure is evidenced.