Análisis teórico sobre el cumplimiento de los ODS sociales en la minería del carbón en diez departamentos de Colombia

Abstract

Despite its economic importance, mining in Colombia faces significant challenges in aligning with the principles of sustainable development. While this activity contributes to economic growth, job creation, and the strengthening of national finances, its benefits do not always translate into significant improvements for communities located in mining areas. The persistence of problems related to limited access to basic services, deficiencies in public health, environmental degradation, and social conflicts highlights a gap between the sector's economic contribution and the well-being of the local population. In this context, the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) constitute a strategic tool for guiding mining activity toward more responsible and inclusive models. Their application allows for the integration of economic, social, and environmental dimensions, promoting natural resource management that guarantees long-term sustainable benefits. However, the Colombian reality demonstrates that significant obstacles remain to achieving these goals, especially due to illegal mining, insufficient territorial governance, and limited community participation in decision-making. Therefore, it is essential to strengthen public policies, control mechanisms, and corporate social responsibility strategies to ensure that mining effectively contributes to sustainable development, environmental protection, and improving the quality of life of affected communities