Sistema de monitoreo en tiempo real de índices geomagnéticos para el observatorio de Fúquene

Abstract

This study develops an integrated system for the acquisition, processing, validation, and visualization of geomagnetic indices, called SIAPV, using data from the Fúquene Geomagnetic Observatory (FUQ), with the purpose of strengthening space weather monitoring in Colombia.The methodologies employed include the calculation of geomagnetic indices for both historical time series and near real-time data (Near Real-Time, NRT), through the processing of high-resolution records. For the calculation of the K index, an adaptation of the Linear Elimination method developed by the Finnish Meteorological Institute (FMI) was used, including preprocessing, signal cleaning, estimation of the solar regular variation (SR), and determination of three-hour amplitudes. Similarly, the Dst index was estimated based on the method proposed by Love et al. (2009), which relies on the separation of the magnetic field into its internal and external components, along with the characterization of associated parameters such as the solar quiet variation (Sq), the solar cycle variation (Sc), and the magnetic disturbance (Dist). Additionally, a near real-time processing system based on sliding windows was developed, allowing the continuous estimation of the indices from data acquired in real time. The resulting products were integrated into a web visualization platform, whose objective is to facilitate public access to the information and support space weather analysis in Colombia.