Identificación de los suelos con potencial de vertimiento de agroquímicos en Cundinamarca, a partir de la modelación por medio del sofware Modflow

Abstract

Soil contamination has been one of the main objects of study and legislation in recent years at the national level. The impact of this matrix has been addressed by legislative bodies in search of a solution that inhibits the physicochemical imbalance of its internal structure, as well as the regulation of groundwater that is affected by this phenomenon. Therefore, it is necessary to investigate the genesis of these impacts, mainly attributed to economic activities such as agriculture and the modernization of cultivation due to the use of fertilizers, antioxidants and pesticides, with the aim of optimizing the production line and increasing sowing. Therefore, the need for the agricultural sector to continue with its economic development and to meet the growing demand for food in today's society establishes the obligation to create sustainable alternatives for the soil resource making agroindustrial processes compatible with the surrounding environment. Given the above, the general objective of this work is to “identify the types of soils, at the departmental level, with the capacity and relevance of assimilation, conduction and diffusion for the disposal of agrochemical wastewater discharges, through the synergistic work of bibliographic consultation and modeling, carried out by the Processing Modflow software. For its development, the following methodological phases were defined: a) Recognition of the soil of Cundinamarca, through bibliographic information; b) Geographic spatialization of the target area, in which the areas of the department that comply with the desired agro-industrial density and soil stratification are defined; c) Modeling of the agrochemicals in the soil matrix, through Modflow Software, a program developed by the US Geological Survey to simulate the flow of water, and the evolution of levels in the pumping conditions in the soil; and d) Structuring and construction of the technical tool