De lo corporeo y lo alado

Abstract

The thesis presents a personal investigation that confronts the intimate experience of the human being with their cultural and cosmic environment, starting from the analysis of the dual principles that have accompanied humanity throughout its history. The author delves into the constant tension between two fundamental poles of existence: "pleasure and pain," associated in turn with the psychoanalytic notions of Eros and Thanatos. Eros represents the life drives, sexual desire, and the need for connection; while Thanatos expresses the forces of destruction, violence, and death. This duality, inscribed in the human psyche, constitutes the axis upon which both individual experience and the social order are articulated. Human life, then, is presented as a permanent oscillation between the desire for loving union and the destructive impulse, in a continuous search for meaning and belonging. The text also raises a critical reflection on the limits that society imposes on individual instinct, through the repression of desires in favor of coexistence and collective cohesion. The Freudian theory of the primal horde is revisited, where the murder of the authoritarian father by the sons symbolizes the birth of law and communal order. Repression, motivated by guilt and love towards the paternal figure, becomes the origin of social norms. Thus, the human being is forced to substitute the pleasure principle for the reality principle, guided by reason and conscience. This transition enables the emergence of civilization, whose foundation is the partial renunciation of desire for the sake of greater collective security and stability. In this sense, human experience is built from the tension between the individual and society, between the freedom of instinct and the need for belonging and order.