Propuesta de diseño de un sistema de riego automatizado con energía solar para un cultivo de cacao en el municipio del Guamo Tolima

Abstract

Irrigation systems have currently made Colombia a country with a future in terms of technology and crop yields. These provide great benefits for the management of water resources and the diversification of agricultural products. Another factor that farmers benefit from these techniques is the rational use of water. And with these precedents, we seek to design an automated irrigation system for a cocoa crop in the rural area of ​​Guamo Tolima, since the region has a harsh climate and does not provide optimal conditions for the correct development of the plant. So this study references the physiology of the plant, the conditions of the soil and the environment and the existing types of irrigation to select the appropriate one for the needs of the crop. As this irrigation system is automated, it brings with it the quality of improving performance in dew activities; that they are normally done manually, and that they required a large amount of time; and control water waste, caused by the lack of measurement and use of other less efficient systems, parameterizing the temperature and relative humidity variables, calculating the operating requirements of the hydraulic system. Additionally, when reviewing the geographical position of the crop, the system was powered by clean energy, choosing in this case solar energy. As an object of this design, a cost estimate was also made for each system and the total, taking into account the labor in order to know how expensive it is to adopt this technology and also the return on investment of the implementation of the system from of income from cocoa cultivation. Concluding with the opportunity that this design provides for innovation and the use of clean energy in these systems, opening doors for the end user to benefit from these technologies, optimize their water resources and modernize their agricultural processes and increase their production and therefore improve your economy.