Dispositivos tecnológicos para el tratamiento de residuos biodegradables a nivel domiciliario

Abstract

The domestic activities generate solid biodegradable residues (RSB) that can be taken advantage and revalued in the residential units, by means of the use of technological devices that are a great alternative to diminish the impact partner - environmental associated with his disposition. In relation to the previous thing, this project tries to offer a tool of consultation with regard to prototypes used in some countries to carry out the treatment "in situ" of residues, which bases and acquisition of knowledge allows to stimulate to the creation for the transference of this type of technologies necessary for the sustainable development in the cities. For such a fact a bibliographical review was realized across the reading and analysis of articles, patents and works of degree, where it was achieved to identify 30 devices and to realize the description of the components, generalities and the characteristics of functioning in some of these. Additional an analysis is realized with regard to the advantages and disadvantages of some materials of which these equipments are made, of the location of the devices of the residential unit, and of the control of the fundamental variables that affect the process treatment. Finally and result of the analysis of the different devices, the conceptualization of the process of aerobic biodegradation and to the identification of opportunities of improvement in some prototypes, was achieved realized an offer of design of a reactor of manual functioning with capacity of 28.8 kg /month, with dimensions of 0.5 m diameter and 1 m of height to treat the solid biodegradable residues in house, bearing in mind climatic, renting and economic conditions for the majority of the homes of Colombia. In relation to the design of the proposed device, with help of the software AutoCAD 2015, the model carries out 3D of the prototype where there are contemplated different units of treatment that allow the villains' absence during the processing, the reduction and improvement of the quality of by-products and the biological acceptable stabilization of the RSB to be able to be taken advantage in the amendment of soils.