Los hilos invisibles del corazón: habitar de nuevo los vínculos afectivos en la infancia actual como aporte al desarrollo humano y la reconexión socioemocioal pospandémica

Abstract

This research emerged from the need to understand and pedagogically address the transformations in children's affective bonds resulting from the social changes brought about by the COVID-19 pandemic. Based on the observation of a group of early childhood students, recurrent emotional outbursts, difficulties in peer interaction, and challenges in building meaningful relationships were identified, leading to the design of a pedagogical intervention proposal based on arts-based educational experiences. The study was conducted using a qualitative approach within the interpretive paradigm and the research-creation methodology, understood as a process in which artistic creation becomes a means of knowledge production. Data were collected through participant observation, field notes, photographic records, children's productions, and arts-based workshops, which made it possible to understand the group's emotional and relational dynamics and to guide the development of the pedagogical proposal. The theoretical framework draws on the contributions of Bowlby and Ainsworth's attachment theory, Montessori and Tonucci's perspectives on childhood, Vygotsky and Coll's approaches to meaningful learning and pedagogical intervention, Rosenberg's Nonviolent Communication, and Goleman's theory of emotional intelligence. Together, these perspectives highlight that socio-emotional development is shaped through relationships, lived experiences, and the social contexts surrounding childhood. The findings show that arts-based educational experiences promote emotional expression, empathy, communication, and the strengthening of affective bonds within the school environment. As a result, a pedagogical intervention proposal was developed, integrating art, socio-emotional education, and empathic communication to foster meaningful relationships and contribute to children's holistic well-being. This study contributes to the field of Human Development and Socio-Emotional Education by recognizing the potential of artistic creation as a pedagogical mediator for strengthening affective bonds during early childhood.