Apoyo en el levantamiento de vegetación para el análisis de estructura y composición florística mediante el tipo de muestreo por transectos de área fija en el predio “El Porvenir” ubicado en la Palma, Cundinamarca

Abstract

Vegetation surveying was used to analyze the structure and floristic composition of a fragment of premontane humid forest located in the "Pur Pur" area of La Palma, Cundinamarca. A forest inventory was conducted on 0.18 ha by sampling fixed-area transects of 50x2 m, corresponding to low secondary vegetation cover. The main plant material was collected along the transects; secondarily, on trails, clearings, and surrounding wooded areas. A total of 93 species, corresponding to 52 families, were found. Of these, 52 species and 32 families were identified along the transects. The families with the highest number of species were Euphorbiaceae and Malvaceae (4), Asteraceae, Fabaceae, and Urticaceae (3); a small number of species compared to those reported in similar forest studies. Some biogeographical novelties were found for the department of Cundinamarca, as well as characteristics for some species at the study site. The forest presented a diameter distribution common to young and recovering forests, with the greatest number of low-height, small-diameter individuals located in the lower diameter classes. Species with a greater presence in the regeneration strata and transects, with larger diameters and higher heights, had a higher Expanded Importance Value (EIV) in the forest. A dispersed spatial distribution and high heterogeneity and diversity were identified, but not as expected for this type of forest, given the presence of anthropogenic and natural disturbances that promote the loss of forest cover and limit the ecological continuity of the site.