Análisis espacial de las violencias basadas en género y sus determinantes en Bogotá para el año 2019

Abstract

In recent years, gender and gender-based violence have had a significant involvement and wide diffusion in different spaces throughout the world, due to the scope of the struggles and debates on the part of women and gender/sex diversities. Example of this is the increase of research exploring the subject from various areas of the knowledge. However, the use of quantitative techniques such as spatial statistics is reduced at the international level and, even more, in Latin American countries as Colombia. For this reason, the purpose of this paper is to be a propose to address the gender-based violence from a spatial statistical approach, in order to provide greater knowledge about the phenomenon for the specific case of Bogota, a city that has thousands of annual records regarding this type of violence. For its development, the identification and qualitative description of the problem was conducted with the participation of vulnerable populations and subsequently, the spatial statistics methodology was carried out, which included an exploratory data analysis and the formulation of the spatial regression model that best represent the data. Likewise, the geographically weighted regression is elaborated to have an approximation to the local behaviour of the phenomenon. Finally, the existence of patterns of spatial distribution of the problem is corroborated to be related to social and economic factors, we found evidence that the probability of being a victim of a gender-based crime is influenced by unemployment, poverty, school attendance, public space indicators and night-time insecurity.