Aplicación de los criterios de la interventoría ambiental para el seguimiento y control del proyecto de construcción de la segunda calzada tramo el Tablón –Chirajara de la carretera Bogotá – Villavicencio

Abstract

The present degree work, carried out through the Application Monograph modality, through a case study and in the line of research of the environmental supervision, contemplates the monitoring of the environmental management plan contained in the environmental impact study prepared by the Concesionaria vial de los Andes S.A. - COVIANDES S.A. for the construction project of the second carriageway in the El Tablon - Chirajara section of the Bogotá - Villavicencio highway. In the project throughout its development the following shortcomings have been detected: slippage of slopes causing prolonged closures, affectation in mobility, increase in travel times; collapse of the Chirajara bridge causing loss of life, damage to the soil, destruction of vegetation, pollution and diversion of the Chirajara ravine; mass movements at kilometer 58 producing with it waste on the road and surrounding bodies of water, collapse of bridge 1 dry pipe; banking instability leading to rising transport costs. The highway is divided into three sections, the construction project of the second carriageway is the intermediate section, which is divided into eight sectors, located within the jurisdiction of the municipalities of Cáqueza, Quetame and Guayabetal in the department of Cundinamarca. This project was licensed through resolution 81 of 2010 of the then Ministerio de Ambiente, Vivienda y Desarrollo Territorial, granting the environmental license to the then Instituto Nacional de Concesiones - INCO, today Agencia Nacional de Infraestructura - ANI, and whose license was transferred in its entirety through resolution 1612 of August 19 of 2010 in favor of the Concesionaria vial de los Andes S.A. - COVIANDES S.A, being this, the current holder and beneficiary of the environmental license; The project that is located between the abscissa el Tablon (PR34) and Chirajara (PR63) has presented major problems throughout its development, among them is the constant mass movements that occur at km 58 and that cause the constant closure of the highway, and also, the contingency presented in 2018 when the Chirajara bridge collapse occurred. As of 2021, the total reversion of the project by the concessionaire to the ANI has not yet been made, the completion of the new Chirajara bridge and other environmental tasks are still pending, the project's environmental license will remain valid and will be monitored and controlled until the beneficiary completes all the construction activities and environmental tasks that continue to be carried out to date. Additionally, and from the point of view of the supervision of construction works and in accordance with the line of research in one of the branches of the supervision, the environmental supervision, in this work the environmental monitoring methodology that is established by law and which serves not only for environmental authorities but also for all the supervisors of works that at some point must carry out environmental monitoring, this methodology is fully applied and is the one indicated in the "manual de seguimiento ambiental de proyectos: criterios y procedimientos” from the Ministerio del Medio Ambiente.