Monitoreo multitemporal de la deforestación y la transformación de la región amazónica colombiana

Abstract

The Colombian Amazon region plays a fundamental role due to its variety of natural forests, native vegetation cover, and ecosystems. It is characterized by its biodiversity in fauna and flora, and by its role as Colombia's primary climate and water regulator. However, despite its importance, it currently has one of the highest deforestation rates at the national level, mainly due to human intervention. This project consists of a multitemporal analysis of deforestation and loss of native vegetation cover between 2020 and 2025 in the Colombian Amazon, implementing the validation and refinement methodology of MapBiomas Alerta Colombia. For this purpose, high-resolution Planet and Landsat satellite imagery was used, along with different deforestation alert detection systems and processing platforms such as Google Earth Engine, SCCON, and Workspace. This made it possible to identify the key pressure factors in the region, including livestock farming, agriculture, mining, road opening, among others. Photo-interpretation processes and vegetation index analysis were carried out to evaluate the impacts and progressive changes in the physiological and structural characteristics of the region's vegetation cover. The analysis allowed the identification of the areas with the highest concentration for each pressure factor through density maps, revealing how social, economic, and cultural dynamics unfold.