Correlaciones entre el mundo de la vida, la pedagogía de la literatura y la comprensión del fenómeno literario como posibilidad de experiencia en el aula

Abstract

The educational questions from which this research project was developed began from analyzing the possibilities of constituting theoretical foundations for a pedagogy of literature, considering the need to rethink educational practices in this area, since it is essential to think this pedagogy of literature in the teacher training in Spanish language and literature and its impact at school as a concept. Thus, the starting point was the assumption that reading literature texts and the general approach to literature in the classroom should become an experience, that is, a transcendent phenomenon. The literary text was called as a literary phenomenon which has the power to open wide possibilities of understanding the work, the individual and its context. The phenomenological principal World of life has taken as a basis, proposing how this can become a methodologically valid option that guides the understanding of literary works with the aim of proposing the conception of the pedagogy posed. The functional architecture of the research involved four stages: first, the previous studies regarding the relationship between literature, phenomenology and education, besides, the studies related to the corpus. Secondly, the theoretical foundation was given for the construction of the proposal of the phenomenological method applied to the literary work analysis and its educational implications. Third, an original phenomenological method was built and applied to the selected corpus to test its viability. Finally, the scope and consequences of considering the proposed method can be configured to rethink the pedagogy and for the reading of literary texts as such were proposed, as a contribution to the construction of the subject conscious of the constitution of the World of life of the self and the others, and of the acknowledgement of the role of the other as meaning giver related to one’s existence.