Cuantificación de factores geométricos como la línea base y climatológicos que afectan una medición GPS mediante un análisis matemático basado en rastreos GPS

Abstract

To which the new technologies GPS products and services are directed, obtaining information of high precision, therefore the importance of taking into account the geometric factors such as the baseline and climatological reducing the gap of the error. With the present work an analysis to the effect is made that have factors such as the base distance, from 25 points positioned in the municipality of Choconta Cundinamarca with the following parameters 22 points captured information for 4 hours and 3 points captured information for 8 hours Performs the post process with IGAC bases in its total operation throughout Colombia. Then, we use mathematical models of refraction Ionósfera, tropospheric refraction, relativity and multicamino to reduce the error that occurs the passage of the UHF signal by each of the atmospheric layers, therefore affects the accuracy of an observation with the GPS system. The results obtained with the present work indicate that the greater the distance between the base point and the observed vertex, the greater the error. Also factor like relativity, the Tropospheric refraction, contribute very small errors and in the case of relativity are essential. However, it is found that the Ionosphere contributes a large error rate that oscillates in the order of meters. To perform the analysis, GPS data were taken from tracked vertices and the coordinates and their precisions were calculated based on IGAC permanent stations