Integración de recursos manipulativos y artísticos para el fortalecimiento de competencias básicas matemáticas y pensamiento variacional en contextos vulnerables

Abstract

This report documents the process of pedagogical intervention developed during the internship as a degree modality at the Fundación Nueva Vida Generación Exitosa, Ciudad de Suba, Bogota, as a qualification for the Bachelor’s degree in Mathematics from the Francisco José de Caldas District University. The intervention focused on strengthening basic mathematical skills and variational thinking in students aged 5 to 13 years belonging to the School Reinforcement program of the Foundation. Significant difficulties in learning abstract mathematical concepts, low motivation towards the mathematical discipline and limited application of knowledge in real contexts were identified as central problems. The pedagogical proposal implemented integrated manipulative resources (plasticine, pompons, legos) and artistic expressions (music, juggling) from theoretical approaches Freirean, Ausubeliano and variational thinking. During 16 weeks, innovative didactic sequences were developed which included: construction of musical instruments ("marimbotella") to model patterns of change, projects of statistics applied to entrepreneurship, and geometrical activities with concrete materials. The intervention demonstrated that art-mathematics articulation transforms student perception, facilitates conceptual understanding and develops skills transferable to entrepreneurship.