Plan de negocios para la creación de una empresa con capacidad técnica de fabricación de elementos mecánicos

Abstract

This entrepreneurship project aims at the design, manufacturing, and commercialization of aeronautical ground support equipment and spare parts (Ground Support Equipment – GSE), as well as the provision of specialized maintenance and engineering services, primarily focused on operators carrying out activities at Colombian airports. The initiative arises as a response to the high dependence on imported equipment, the associated elevated costs, and extended delivery times, which negatively affect the operational efficiency of the national aeronautical sector. The project will initially be developed in Bogotá D.C., with a strategic focus on companies operating at El Dorado International Airport, the country’s main airport hub. However, its progressive expansion toward other cities with relevant airport infrastructure such as Medellín, Cali, Barranquilla, and Cartagena is also contemplated. The proposed business model is industrial B2B, focused on import substitution, manufacturing based on specific customer requirements, and the continuous supply of spare parts and technical services. From a technical perspective, design alternatives, manufacturing processes, infrastructure, and the machinery required for the production of selected GSE equipment and spare parts are defined, considering that the entrepreneurial team already possesses a significant portion of the required machinery, tools, and measurement equipment. This condition allows for a reduction in initial investment and optimization of available resources. The market analysis identified a growing potential demand for GSE equipment and spare parts, driven by increased air traffic and the need to maintain ground fleet operability. Based on this information, sales projections, unit pricing, and production volumes are established, serving as the foundation for the project’s economic and financial evaluation. The financial evaluation includes the analysis of fixed and variable costs, break-even point, income and expense projections, indicators such as Net Present Value (NPV), and sensitivity analysis using hypothesis-based tools. The obtained results demonstrate that the project is financially viable, with a break-even point achievable at a low number of units sold and sustained profit generation over time. Additionally, a risk analysis is conducted, and mitigation strategies are proposed for the main technical, operational, commercial, and financial factors identified. In conclusion, the project demonstrates that the national manufacturing of GSE equipment and spare parts represents a technically and economically viable opportunity, with growth potential and the capacity to strengthen the Colombian aeronautical sector by promoting local industry, reducing dependence on imports, and generating added value through specialized and competitive solutions.