Diseño de un sistema automatizado de limpieza para tubería conduit por medio de la tecnología láser

Abstract

This research seeks to find an efficient, safe, and sustainable alternative to the chemical cleaning process for conduit pipes. This work proposes exploring the use of laser technology as a surface cleaning method, as well as establishing the optimal technical parameters that guarantee the removal of oxides and contaminants without compromising the integrity of the base material, contributing new and useful knowledge at both the industrial and academic levels. This thesis represents an opportunity to apply knowledge of mechanical engineering, automation, materials, and emerging technologies. The design of an automated system with laser technology allows for the integration and documentation of a real-world case of applied innovation in national industry, becoming a reference material for future research or similar developments. The implementation of this system has a significant social impact by reducing operator exposure to hazardous chemicals such as hydrochloric acid, improving occupational health and reducing the risk of workplace accidents, thus creating a safer work environment. One of the main motivations for this research is the high environmental impact of the current chemical cleaning method. The use of HCl solutions leads to the generation of hazardous waste, excessive water consumption, and the risk of contaminating water sources and soil. Laser technology, on the other hand, allows for dry cleaning without generating effluents or toxic waste, representing an environmentally responsible solution. This study will assess the economic investment required to implement this system and determine if the automated laser cleaning system can significantly reduce costs associated with the purchase, handling, and disposal of chemicals, as well as water consumption and subsequent waste treatment. Therefore, it will be economically analyzed whether this solution can improve the company's operational profitability and increase its market competitiveness. This thesis represents a personal challenge, as it deals with an emerging technology about which there is no prior knowledge or resources. However, the opportunity to integrate an automated cleaning system using laser technology excites me, as I believe that unconventional applications can be developed for industrial processes