Valoración social y económica de servicios ecosistémicos de soporte generados a partir del proceso de restauración ecológica de la reserva natural de la sociedad civil “Ecoparque Sabana”

Abstract

The Civil Society Nature Reserves (hereinafter RNSC, according to its acronym), are defined according to Decree 1996 of 1999 as part or all of the area of a property that preserves a sample of a natural ecosystem and is managed under the principles of sustainability in the use of natural resources and that by the will of its owner is intended for sustainable use, preservation or restoration with long-term vocation. The RNSC ECOPARQUE SABANA is part of the National System of Protected Areas (SINAP) and is part of the environmental determinants for the territorial development of the municipality of Tocancipá. Through Resolution No. 066 of May 30, 2017, the RNSC "ECOPARQUE SABANA" RNSC 106-16 is registered, located in the municipality of Tocancipá, in the department of Cundinamarca. The wetlands Los Arrieros and Jaime Duque and the species of flora and fauna that inhabit them and that present some category of threat are the object of conservation. Among the objectives of this RNSC is the integrated management under sustainability criteria that guarantees the conservation, preservation, regeneration or restoration of the wetland ecosystems contained in it and that allows the generation of environmental goods and services, the latter being of great importance to maintain the well-being of the communities that benefit directly or indirectly from the ecosystem. Prior to the declaration in 2017 of the RNSC Ecoparque Sabana and from the line of action of revegetation and maintenance proposed for the reserve, an ecological restoration process has been advanced from the recovery of wetland and forest ecosystems in the area, with the planting of native flora species, all in response to the existing degradation up to that time of the representative ecosystems of the area. Therefore, it is proposed to carry out the valuation of the ecosystem support services generated from the ecological restoration process carried out in the RNSC, including a broader perception from the considerations of all the actors related to its use and management. Thus, in the case of social valuation, the preference evaluation methodology was applied, with which the ecosystem services studied were classified through surveys, with the soil formation service being considered the most important due to its relationship with the generation of life; For the economic valuation, the restoration cost method was used to obtain an estimate of the value of the restoration process in the reserve based on the calculation of indices such as the Net Present Value NPV or the Cost-Benefit analysis B/C, taking into account three discount rates and using cost and benefit databases, including environmental benefits, thus obtaining a NPV for the project of between $34,685,140,955 COP. 685,140,955 COP and $69,895,395,963 COP, and a B/C analysis higher than 3, indicating the socio-environmental viability of the project.