Circular a los consules

Abstract

The image contains news about some consular circulars, it talks about the general principles of Public International Law, focusing on the conceptualization of States as political entities and their divisions into simple and compound ones. The importance of the recognition of new States by the international community, whether expressly or tacitly, is highlighted. In addition, the absolute and relative rights and duties of States are addressed, as well as the capacity of these entities to maintain their existence through fundamental changes in their internal constitution. In a second part, conflicts between States and possible peaceful solutions are reviewed, such as good offices, mediation and the intervention of arbitrators. War is explored in its land and maritime forms, considering the declaration of war, the rights and duties of belligerents, as well as the legitimate means of attack and defense. The concept of neutrality and its implications in international relations are also addressed. Then, a historical context related to the Republic of Colombia as a member of international society is presented. The administrative evolution of the region is described from the viceroyalties and general captaincies established by the Spanish monarchs to the independence of the towns that made up the Viceroyalty of the New Kingdom of Granada and the General Captaincy of Venezuela in 1810, giving rise to the formation of the Republic of Colombia in 1819. News published by the Official Gazette, No. 11574-11575-11576, October 1901.