Estudio del valor del suelo rural en el corredor del proyecto tren de Zipaquirá regiotram norte de la sabana de Bogotá – zona de influencia municipios de Chía y Cajicá, Cundinamarca

Abstract

The implementation of mass transit projects is a determining factor in the transformation of territorial, economic, and social dynamics, especially in rural areas near major infrastructure. In this context, the Zipaquirá Train, or RegioTram del Norte, is projected as one of the most important rail projects for the Sabana Centro region, improving connectivity between Bogotá and the municipalities of Zipaquirá, Cajicá, and Chía, and generating direct and indirect effects on the use and value of rural land. Various studies have shown that this type of infrastructure induces land appreciation processes associated with increased accessibility, connectivity, and the creation of new economic opportunities. However, these effects are not uniform and can lead to phenomena such as real estate speculation, pressure on rural land, accelerated changes in land use, and the displacement of traditional agricultural activities. Although this scenario is foreseeable, a technical baseline for identifying and characterizing the value of rural land prior to construction is currently lacking in the area of ​​influence of the RegioTram del Norte project. This lack of information limits the capacity of the relevant authorities to anticipate potential impacts and to make informed decisions regarding land-use planning and property management. In this context, the purpose of this study is to estimate the baseline value of rural land in the corridor corresponding to the projected route of the RegioTram del Norte, with an emphasis on the municipalities of Chía and Cajicá. The analysis covers the section extending from the rural area of ​​Bogotá to the rural area of ​​the municipality of Cajicá, passing through the rural area of ​​Chía, with an approximate length of 8 kilometers. The research is developed from the application of the official methodology defined by the Agustín Codazzi Geographic Institute (IGAC), through the delimitation of Physical Homogeneous Zones (ZHF) and Geoeconomic Homogeneous Zones (ZHG). This process is complemented by the use of the comparative market method, widely recognized and applied in the technical procedures for appraising real estate. The estimation of this baseline constitutes a fundamental input for territorial planning processes, cadastral updates, and the consolidation of the multipurpose cadastre, as it provides objective, verifiable, and technically sound information on the behavior of rural land values ​​in the study area. In this way, it allows for the prevention of risks associated with induced appreciation, strengthens equity in land management, and establishes a reliable benchmark for future monitoring of project impacts, the measurement of land value increases, and the implementation of value capture instruments