Evaluación de la degradación de residuos solidos urbanos en un relleno sanitario a escala piloto

Abstract

This degree work is focused in the methods of investigation of the final provision in the landfills, like conventional and Fukoka, applied in some countries. So for this reason, it makes a comparison between the anaerobic conventional landfills in front of Fukoka method, this one, develops in a semi-aerobic form, where from the degradation of organic matter and the leachate recirculation, the quality of leachate and issued biogas are measured in a controlled environment. The objective of this work is to evaluate the degradation of the municipal solid waste in a pilot scale, between the conventional and Fukoka method, to decide which is the best method to implement in a landfill. For this, three columns of 2,30 meters long are used. The first one is named white, this one is put on an anaerobic condition. The second column provides natural air, generating in this way an aerobic environment inside itself. Lastly, in the third column, it implements the Fukoka method, which works with natural aeration and recirculation of leachate produced in the three columns; measurements temperature,pressure and amount of leachate and issued biogas are made in each column. When making this comparison, it is expected to show that the column number three, presents a rapid stabilization of residues,a greater amount of leachate and a lower gases production, being this, the more suitable method to degradation of the waste in comparison with the conventional column.