Criterios costo eficientes para compensaciones por aprovechamiento forestal de árboles aislados autorizados bajo licenciamiento ambiental en Colombia

Abstract

Social development in infrastructure, different public and/or private interests, attention to emergencies and different priority requests within the framework of forest harvesting in Colombia are variables that shape the extraction of forest products, change and alteration of ecosystems and the environment. In Colombia, different types of harvesting are recognized by law, such as single harvesting, persistent, domestic, uses by operation of law, and isolated trees, regulated by the different competent environmental authorities, among which are the National Environmental Licensing Authority - ANLA, the Regional Autonomous Corporations - CAR, and Sustainable Development, municipalities, metropolitan areas with more than one million inhabitants and authorities created under Law 768 of 2002. Given the presence of isolated tree harvesting within the projects subject to licensing, approved by the National Environmental Licensing Authority - ANLA for the department of Antioquia that triggered forestry compensations for the year 2022, as a result of the implementation of projects, works or activities. Compensations are a measure implemented due to the residual nature of the impact caused by the logging of isolated trees, so the applicants of the environmental process must attach the corresponding compensation plan to compensate for the damages caused. This study intends to know the current requirements in terms of forest compensation in the framework of forest harvesting of isolated trees, from which criteria are proposed that should be considered in the compensation plans, in order to meet the objective and satisfy the purpose that originates the instrument of forest compensation for harvesting of isolated trees, in conjunction with a cost-effective proportionality in the execution and development of activities that the compensation means.