Análisis de amenaza sísmica en la localidad de Usaquén, Bogotá D.C., Colombia

Abstract

The city of Bogotá is located in an area of moderate seismic vulnerability due mainly to the collision of three main tectonic plates: The Nazca plate, the Caribbean plate and the South American plate, in addition, are the subduction zone of the Pacific, the Romeral fault and the fault system of the Piedemonte Llanero which have a greater effect on the zone, also, the Salinas fault, the Bucaramanga-Santa Marta fault and the Bogotá fault must be highlighted.For this case study the locality of Usaquén was analyzed from a geological, structural, tectonic, risk management, construction of buildings in flat and invasion zones, surveys in the area, in order to have a broader picture and make a theoretical analysis of the seismic threat in the locality.Although there have been no major earthquakes in Bogotá for more than 300 years, it is in an area of seismic threat, which should raise awareness about the buildings and where they are built and about risk management education, unfortunately, there are shortcomings, since some areas have Building Vulnerability Rates between 20% and 70% which presents a considerable to severe threat, which can pose a major problem especially due to the quality of the constructions, the type of material and the structure that do not comply with NSR-10 for earthquake-resistant constructions.The locality, being located towards the eastern hills, has generated an accelerated construction of invasion dwellings that do not have urban licenses. There is a lack of knowledge about the regulations of resistant seismic constructions, the tectonic characteristics of the city, the preparation for a seismic event before, during and after. Different strategies are presented that must be taken to evaluate the positive and negative aspects and how the methodology proposed in this work can be used in other localities of Bogota.