Estudio fitoquímico, antibacteriano, antifúngico y determinación de metabolitos secundarios mayoritarios por CG-EM del látex de la especie dioica Clusia multiflora Kunth (Clusiaceae).

Abstract

Clusia multiflora is a dioecious species native to Colombia. Traditionally its exudate has been used in the process of wool dyeing, and medicinally as purgative, anti-inflammatory and healing (DAMA, 2000). In previous studies (Lokvam & Braddock, 1999, Lokvam et al., 2000), antibacterial activity has been found in the ethanolic extracts of the latex of both sexes of the species of the genus Clusia, however, no work of this type is reported for C. multiflora. In this study, the antibacterial and antifungal activity present in the ethanolic extract of the latex of the species C. multiflora, were investigated. The methodology was carried out in four phases, the first through preliminary phytochemical tests which showed the presence of the secondary metabolites tannins, flavonoids and quinones in the ethanolic extracts of both individuals. The second phase consisted in the application of the method proposed by Kirby–Bauer modified, of diffusion in agar by perforation in plate against the bacteria Gram (+) Bacillus subtilis and Gram (-) Escherichia coli. The third phase was carried out with the well diffusion technique in Sabouraud Glucose Agar medium, against the fungus Fusarium oxysporum, and finally, the main secondary metabolites were determined with the technique Gas Chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC-MS). It was determined that the ethanolic extracts of both sexes of C. multiflora have activity against the Gram (+) bacterium B. subtilis and, on the contrary, do not present activity against the Gram (-) bacterium E. coli. Both sexes of C. multiflora show activity against the fungus Fusarium oxysporum. And Quinones were found as the main secondary metabolite, specifically Clusianones (7-epi-clusianona y 18,19-dihidroxi clusianona), as found by CG-EM. The results coincide with those reported in the literature for the species belonging to the CLUSIACEAE family.