CONTROL VECTORIAL DE MOTORES DE INDUCCIÓN
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Universidad Distrital Francisco José de Caldas
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la técnica de SVPWM (modulación por ancho de pulso del vector espacio) permite mejorar la respuesta dinámica de un motor de inducción, caracterizado por su robustez, costo y sencillez. Sin embargo, su uso ha sido restringido por las sobreintensidades que se producen en la red; en el presente artículo se muestra una implementación de la técnica SVPWM que aproxima el comportamiento de un motor de inducción al comportamiento de un motor de corriente directa, es decir, mantiene la relación de voltaje y frecuencia constante. Mediante esta técnica se logra un control independiente de velocidad y flujo; así mismo, permite incrementar un control de flujo de forma tal que se consigue extender el rango de velocidad del motor y optimizar la producción de torque en dicho rango; disminuye la distorsión armónica en los voltajes y corrientes de salida; y el factor de modulación alcanza hasta el 86%, en comparación con la técnica PWM, la cual es del 78,5%.
SVPWM technique (pulse width modulation of the vector space) can improve the dynamic response of an induction motor, which are characterized by their robustness, cost and simplicity. However, its use has been restricted by the currents that occur on the network, in this article shows an implementation of SVPWM technique which approximates the behavior of an induction motor, the behavior of a DC motor, ie maintaining the relationship of voltage and constant frequency. This technique achieves independent control of speed and flow, and also enables increased flow control so that you get to extend the range of engine speed and optimize the production of torque in that range, reduces harmonic distortion in output voltages and currents, the modula-tion factor reaches up to 86% compared with the PWM technique which is 78.5%.
SVPWM technique (pulse width modulation of the vector space) can improve the dynamic response of an induction motor, which are characterized by their robustness, cost and simplicity. However, its use has been restricted by the currents that occur on the network, in this article shows an implementation of SVPWM technique which approximates the behavior of an induction motor, the behavior of a DC motor, ie maintaining the relationship of voltage and constant frequency. This technique achieves independent control of speed and flow, and also enables increased flow control so that you get to extend the range of engine speed and optimize the production of torque in that range, reduces harmonic distortion in output voltages and currents, the modula-tion factor reaches up to 86% compared with the PWM technique which is 78.5%.
Palabras clave
Space vector pulse width modulation, Induction motors, switching, IGBT, PWM, Motores de inducción, conmutación, IGBT PWM, modulación por ancho de pulso de vector espacio