Análisis espaciotemporal del embalse de chuza mediante teledetección para la estimación de volumen (2020-2024)

Abstract

Reservoirs are strategic infrastructure for ensuring the water, energy, and productive security of regions, which is why their continuous monitoring is essential for efficient water resource management. In the case of the Chuza Reservoir, whose function is essential for supplying water to Bogotá and its metropolitan area, the need for up-to-date information on its storage levels is critically important. However, traditional methods based on bathymetric studies have limitations related to their high costs, operational complexity, and low frequency of execution, which restricts the capacity to respond to extreme events such as prolonged droughts or sudden increases in flow. Faced with this problem, satellite remote sensing is emerging as a viable and necessary alternative, due to its ability to generate spatial information periodically and over large territorial areas. Through geospatial classification techniques, it is possible to estimate the surface area of the water and approximate the stored volume, contributing to strengthening monitoring and planning processes. However, the application of these tools in high-Andean environments faces significant challenges stemming from high cloud cover, the variability of water conditions, and the complexity of the terrain. These limitations demonstrate that conventional spectral indices may be insufficient, thus justifying the implementation and validation of advanced classification methodologies capable of improving the accuracy of estimates and supporting more effective and sustainable water management